Membership
North Macedonia's 2022
implementation performance
and key energy
sector benchmark data
implementation performance
and key energy
sector benchmark data
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Overall implementation performance
Overall implementation performance 2020 - 2022
State of Energy Sector Reforms North Macedonia made some level of progress in the implementation of the electricity, gas, oil, energy efficiency and climate acquis. It made progress in the better usage of its gas interconnector with Bulgaria. The country is one of the best performers when it comes to the implementation of the Oil Stocks Directive.
North Macedonia failed to improve the legal and regulatory framework for the uptake of renewables and continued to punch below its weight when it comes to reaching its renewables potential. Its environmental track record remains low, with lack of environmental impact assessment legislation and non-compliance with emission ceilings under the National Emission Reduction Plan.
The country adopted its National Energy and Climate Plan and continued to make progress in the drafting of the Law of Climate Action. North Macedonia is in the early stages of transposing the 2021 Clean Energy Package, with the exception of the electricity legislation where work is yet to begin.
status: 1 November 2022
source: calculated and compiled by the Energy Community Secretariat -
Primary fuel mix
Primary fuel mix of North Macedonia in 2020 (in ktoe)
status: 1 November 2022
source: EUROSTAT -
Gross inland consumption
Gross inland consumption of North Macedonia in 2020 (in ktoe)
status: November 2022
source: EUROSTAT
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Decarbonisation readiness
Decarbonisation readiness - 2021 Clean Energy Package transposition
status: 1 November 2022
source: calculated and compiled by the Energy Community Secretariat -
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Implementation by electricity indicators
Implementation by electricity indicators
RECOMMENDATIONS / PRIORITIES In addition to completing the implementation of the Connection Codes, North Macedonia should give the highest priority to launching the day-ahead market platform, planned for the second quarter of 2023. Regulatory rules to complete full transposition of the REMIT Regulation shall be adopted. status: 1 November 2022
source: calculated and compiled by the Energy Community Secretariat -
Facts and figures
North Macedonia: facts and figures in electricity
Description of data [unit] 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Electricity production [GWh] 5.447 5.468 5.658 5.127 5.285 Net imports [GWh] 2.370 2.434 2.472 2.341 4.724 Net exports [GWh] 311 512 646 1.011 2.134 Gross electricity consumption [GWh] 7.381 7.359 7.483 7.748 8.172 Losses in transmission [%] 1,5% 1,8% 1,2% 1,2% 1.3% Losses in distribution [%] 14,7% 14,2% 13,4% 13,4% 13.4% Consumption of energy sector [GWh] 290 261 266 289 266 Consumption structure [GWh] / industrial, transport, services and other 2.990 3.115 3.467 3.285 3.548 Consumption structure [GWh] / households (residential customers) 3.097 2.989 3.038 3.191 3.317 Net maximum electrical capacity of power plants [MW] 2.062 2.070 2.087 2.101 2.117 Net maximum electrical capacity of power plants [MW] / coal-fired 824 824 824 824 824 Net maximum electrical capacity of power plants [MW] / gas-fired 287 287 287 287 287 Net maximum electrical capacity of power plants [MW] / oil-fired 210 210 210 210 210 Net maximum electrical capacity of power plants [MW] / hydro, total 584,6 687 698 706 706 Horizontal transmission network [km] 2.435 2.216 2.225 2.367 2.350 Horizontal transmission network [km] / substation capacity [MVA] 2.700 2.700 2.700 2.700 2.700 Electricity customers / total 728.827 742.031 868.614 876.466 888.998 Electricity customers / non-households 84.943 83.344 102.651 101.531 101.007 Electricity customers / eligible customers under national legislation 15.957
21.578 868.614 876.466 888.998 Internal market / electricity supplied to active eligible customers [MWh] 2.231.528 2.528.231 2.706.000 2.913.592 3.176.265 Internal market / share of final consumption [%] 37% 41% 42% 45% 46%
source: Ministry of Economy
status: November 2022 -
Retail market opening
Retail Market Opening
source: Energy and Water Services Regulatory Commission of the Republic of North Macedonia, compiled by the Energy Community Secretariat
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Implementation by gas indicators
Implementation by gas indicators
RECOMMENDATIONS / PRIORITIES The certification of the transmission system operator should be done in the shortest possible timeframe, and the relevant secondary acts be finalized and approved without further delay. The new transmission system operator has to proceed with full implementation of all rules relevant to system operation, overcoming gaps in place for the last decade. This will also speed up regional integration, including unblocking capacities at the existing infrastructure and constructing the new interconnectors. Regulatory rules to complete full transposition of REMIT Regulation shall be adopted.
The security of supply framework should be transposed as soon as possible to reduce the country’s supply risks. There are very few households connected to the gas distribution network, but ensuring gas supplies for the next winter is crucial for heat (60 - 80%) and electricity production (20%) to supply the population. The contraction of required gas volumes also depends on the release of capacity at the interconnection point with Bulgaria.
status: 1 November 2022
source: calculated and compiled by the Energy Community Secretariat -
Retail market opening
Retail Market Opening
Note: The weighted average level of market opening in the Energy Community was calculated assuming the full opening of gas retail market in Ukraine for the whole 2021. However the full retail market opening took place on 1st May 2021.
Status: 1 November 2022
Source: Energy Regulatory Commission (ERC), compiled by the Energy Community Secretariat -
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Facts and figures
North Macedonia: facts and figures in gas
Description of data [unit] 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Natural gas production [Bcm] 0 0 0 0 0 Import [Bcm] 0,136 0,213 0,2751 0,2536 0,2952 Stock changes [Bcm] 0 0 0 0 0 Total supply [Bcm] 0,136 0,213 0,2751 0,2536 0,2952 Consumption of the energy sector calculated (heat and power plants, TSO' own consumption, losses and linepack change) [Bcm] 0,098 0,168 0,2217 0,2003 0,2437 Interconnectors’ capacity [Bcm] / total 0,800 0,800 0,800 0,800 0,800 Interconnectors’ capacity [Bcm] / out of which bidirectional 0 0 0 0 0 Storage working capacity [Bcm] 0 0 8 0 0 Length of transmission network [km] 142 181 181 181 312,5 Length of distribution network [km] 41 41 47 47 55,6 Natural gas customers / total 289 307 351 378 437 Natural gas customers / out of which: non-households 85 103 132 106 48 Natural gas customers / customers supplied at market prices 289 307 351 378 437 Natural gas customers / eligible customers under national legislation 5 5 5 5 7 Natural gas customers / households 204 204 219
272 389 Internal market / gas supplied at market price [Bcm] 0,098 0,168 0,2217 0,2003 0,2437 Internal market / share of total consumption [%] 71,99% 78,57% 80,58% 79,00% 82,00% Final consumption of natural gas per sector [Bcm] 0,039 0,0456 0,0534
0,0531 0,0530 Consumption structure [Bcm] / industry and commercial customers 0,038 0,045 0,052 0,048 0,047 Consumption structure [Bcm] / households 0,0006 0,0006 0,0011 0,005 0,006
source: Ministry of economy and infrastructure, compiled by the Energy Community Secretariat
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Implementation by renewable energy indicators
Implementation by renewable energy indicators
RECOMMENDATIONS / PRIORITIES North Macedonia should either adopt further amendments to the Energy Law or adopt a self-standing renewables law to transpose and implement Directive (EU) 2018/2001. Permitting procedures need to be simplified and streamlined to enable faster deployment of renewables. The designated issuing body for guarantees of origin should sign a direct agreement with the service provider and start using the national electronic registry developed during the regional project. status: 1 November 2022
source: calculated and compiled by the Energy Community Secretariat -
Total renewable energy capacities
Total capacities of renewable energy 2021 - 2017 (MW)
status: 1 November 2022
source: Energy Regulatory Commission of the Republic of North Macedonia -
Shares of energy from renewable sources
Shares of Energy from Renewable Sources
Source: EUROSTAT
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Energy Efficiency
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Implementation by energy efficiency indicators
Implementation by energy efficiency indicators
RECOMMENDATIONS / PRIORITIES The adoption of the drafted secondary legislation required for implementation of the Energy Efficiency Law remains the highest priority for North Macedonia, including the legal and regulatory framework for the establishment of the Energy Efficiency Fund. The human capacities for energy efficiency in the Ministry of Economy and the Energy Agency should be further increased. status: 1 November 2022
source: calculated and compiled by the Energy Community Secretariat -
Energy efficiency indicators
2020 Energy Efficiency Indicators and Trends
Source: EUROSTAT 2022 data and Contracting Party's Annual Reports under Directive 2012/27/EU
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Implementation of labelling Directive
Implementation of Energy Efficiency Product Regulation Overview
New labelling package adopted by the Ministerial Council in November 2018 was not assessed, as the transposition deadline expires in January 2020
Source: multiple sources of data (EECG reports, NEEAPs etc.), compiled by the Energy Community Secretariat -
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Implementation by environment indicators
Implementation by environment indicators
RECOMMENDATIONS / PRIORITIES North Macedonia should transpose Directive 2014/52/EU and update the national procedural EIA guidelines. The SEA procedure for the NECP should be finalized. Any follow-up revision of the NECP should be used to reflect and integrate the measures anticipated by the SEA report. North Macedonia has to ensure compliance with the NERP ceilings.
The completion of the procedure for the draft management plan for the Ramsar site “Ohrid lake” should be a priority. The Bern Convention Recommendation concerning the conflicts of hydropower development in protected areas should be fully taken into account. The transposition of the provisions of the Environmental Liability Directive should be carried out without delay.
status: 1 November 2022
source: calculated and compiled by the Energy Community Secretariat -
Installations and emissions under the LCPD
Installations and emissions under the Large Combustion Plants Directive
Source: compiled by the Energy Community Secretariat
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