Any Member State of the European Community may obtain the status of a Participant. As member states of the European Community, the Participants are per se subject to the obligations following from the acquis communautaire.
A country with a Participant status has the right to take part in all the institutional meetings of the Energy Community. The 1st Ministerial Council recognised the status of the first ten Participants in November 2006. 

When the Treaty establishing the Energy Community was signed, the Republic of Bulgaria and Romania endorsed it together with the other Contracting Parties. Following their accession to the European Union, the legal status of Bulgaria and Romania changed from a Contracting Party to that of a Participant.

As of 6 October 2011, the group of Participants to the Treaty establishing the Energy Community amounts to 15 and comprises the following member states:

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