The Western Balkan region is characterised by relatively high energy intensities: levels range up to 2.5 times higher than the average for OECD Europe (which is 0.15 toe per thousand USD of GDP). According to the Energy in the Western Balkans study, there are three main factors: - the degraded state of the energy infrastructure;
- high energy losses in transformation, transmission and distribution; and
- inefficiency in the end-use sector.
Based on the ratio of total final energy consumption to total primary energy supply (TFC/TPES), overall efficiency of the energy systems range from lows of 50% (Kosovo) and 58% (Serbia and Montenegro) to a regional high of 80% (Croatia).
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Key energy efficiency indicators in Western Balkan, 2005
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 Albania
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0.16
Total primary energy supply/GDP, in toe per USD
thousand (PPP)
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3.7
Electricity consumption, in TWh
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0.25
Electricity intensity, in kWh/GDP (PPP)
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top Bosnia and Herzegovina
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0.19
Total primary energy supply/GDP, in toe per USD thousand (PPP)
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9.1
Electricity consumption, in TWh
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0.35
Electricity intensity, in kWh/GDP (PPP)
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 Croatia
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0.17
Total primary energy supply/GDP, in toe per USD thousand (PPP)
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15.4
Electricity consumption, in TWh
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0.30
Electricity intensity, in kWh/GDP (PPP)
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top Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
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0.21
Total primary energy supply/GDP, in toe per USD thousand (PPP)
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6.9
Electricity consumption, in TWh
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0.53
Electricity intensity, in kWh/GDP (PPP)
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 Montenegro
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0.26
Total primary energy supply/GDP, in toe per USD thousand (PPP)
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3.8
Electricity consumption, in TWh
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1.00
Electricity intensity, in kWh/GDP (PPP)
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|
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0.41
Total primary energy supply/GDP, in toe per USD thousand (PPP)
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29.1
Electricity consumption, in TWh
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0.72
Electricity intensity, in kWh/GDP (PPP)
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 United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo
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0.42
Total primary energy supply/GDP, in toe per USD thousand (PPP)
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3.2
Electricity consumption, in TWh
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0.67
Electricity intensity, in kWh/GDP (PPP)
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Serbia